SpeakersandAbstracts

From Japanese society for quantitative biology

Speakers and Abstracts

We have brought together researchers who have the potential to take the lead in quantitative biology as next-generation leaders.
次世代のリーダーとして定量生物学を牽引していくポテンシャルを有する研究者が揃っています。大御所を並べただけではない、定量生物学の会ならではの講演者のラインナップになっております。

Session: Quantity - FORCE -

Date and Time: Jan. 9th 13:10-15:25

Otger Campàs ( University of California, Santa Barbara, USA )

油滴を利用して、生体組織の力学を"その場で"測る。

Quantifying tissue mechanics in vivo and in situ

Mechanical cues play a critical role during tissue morphogenesis and organ formation in the embryo. Despite their relevance in sculpting functional embryonic structures, very little is known about the mechanisms by which tissue mechanics affects/controls developmental processes, mainly because it has not been possible to quantify tissue mechanics within developing tissues in vivo. In this talk, I will present two new techniques that permit direct quantification of (1) cell-generated mechanical forces and (2) the mechanical properties of the cellular microenvironment, in situ within living tissues and developing organs. Using these novel techniques, we quantify the cell-generated mechanical stresses and the local mechanical properties within cell aggregates, living mouse mandibles and live zebrafish embryos.

Selected refs: Campàs et al. Nat. Methods (2014); Campàs et al. BPJ (2012); Campàs et al. PNAS (2010)

Kaoru Sugimura ( Kyoto University, Japan )

ベイズ統計学をつかって、見えない力を見る。アクチン結合タンパク質の力生成能と力感知能に注目して、形態形成の力学制御の分子メカニズムに迫る。

Quantifying epithelial tissue morphogenesis: from F-actin regulation to cell kinematics and tissue stress
abstract:
Selected refs: Guirao et al. eLife, in press; Sugimura and Ishihara. Development (2013); Ishihara and Sugimura. J. Theor. Biol. (2012)

Emmanuel Farge ( Institut Curie, France )

原腸形成過程は進化的に広くみられるが、コアとなる誘導シグナルははっきりしていなかった。それがなんと機械的応力である可能性が示された。

From mesoderm mechanotransductive evolutionary origins to tumourogenic mechanical induction
abstract:
Selected refs: Fernández-Sánchez et al. Nature (2015); Brunet et al. Nat. Commun. (2013); Farge. Curr. Biol. (2003)

Session: Quantity - SYMMETRY I -

Date and Time: Jan. 10th 9:00-12:00

Noriko Hiroi ( Keio University, Japan )


Anisotropy shaped by and for the dynamic distribution of heat
abstract:
Selected refs: Sumiyoshi et al. Front Physiol. (2015); Hiroi et al. Front Physiol. (2014)

Nicolas D Plachta ( IMCB, Singapore )

マウス初期胚の対称性の破れに定量イメージングで迫る

Seeing how mammalian life starts: Quantitative imaging in live mouse embryos
abstract:
Selected refs: Samarage et al. Dev. Cell (2015); Fierro-González et al. Nat. Cell Biol. (2013); Plachta et al. Nat. Cell Biol. (2011)

Yusuke Maeda ( Kyushu University, Japan )

構成的手法から探る生命システムの構築原理:生命の起源と人工細胞のダイナミクス

title: tba
abstract:
Selected refs: Fukuyama et al. Langmuir (2015); Maeda et al. PNAS (2012); Maeda et al. PRL (2011)

Zoher Gueroui ( École Normale Supérieure, France )

マグネトジェネティクス:情報流れの時空間制御が明らかにする自己組織化の原理

title:tba
abstract:
Selected refs: Hoffmann et al. Nat. Nanotech. (2013); Pinot et al. PNAS (2012).

Session: Quantity - SYMMETRY II -

Date and Time: Jan. 10th 13:30-15:45

Cliff Brangwynne ( Princeton University, USA )

Cliff Brangwynne博士は物理学の視点から細胞生物学に新しいコンセプトを導入し、近年、大きなインパクトを与えて続けている新進気鋭の研究者です。「相転移/phase transition」は、例えば水分子が沸点や融点をまたぐと固体、液体、気体と急激に状態を変化させるような物理学のコンセプトです。Brangwynne博士は、細胞内で核小体や生殖顆粒が形成・消滅する過程を、この相転移現象として理解できることを明らかにしています。

title: tba
abstract:
selected refs: Berry et al. PNAS (2015); Feric and Brangwynne. Nat. Cell Biol. (2013); Brangwynne et al. Science (2009)

Akatsuki Kimura ( National Insititute of Genetics, Japan )

多数の小さな分子たちによってどのように細胞レベルでの空間的な秩序ができるのかを研究しています。本発表では、線虫C. elegansの細胞質流動を例に、流れの方向が定まらない(不安定)流動が、必ず(安定的に)生じるメカニズムについて発表します。

title: How a cell-wide cytoplasmic flow with unstable direction emerges reproducibly?
abstract:
selected refs: Kimura and Kimura. J. Cell Sci. (2012); Niwayama et al. PNAS (2011); Kimura and Kimura. PNAS (2011)

Brian Stramer ( King's College London, UK )

細胞のミクロとマクロを定量的 in vivo イメージングでつなぐ:細胞内アクチン動態・張力から細胞の巨視的挙動へ

Intercellular forces orchestrate contact inhibition of locomotion
abstract:
Selected refs: Davis et al. Cell (2015); Davis et al. Development (2012); Stramer et al. J. Cell Biol. (2010)

Session: Quantity - INFORMATION -

Date and Time: Jan. 10th 16:00-19:00

Satoshi Sawai ( the University of Tokyo, Japan )


title: tba
abstract:
Selected refs: Nakajima et al. Nat. Commun. (2014); Taniguchi et al. PNAS (2013); Gregor et al. Science (2010)

Damon Clark ( Yale University, USA )

ショウジョウバエの視覚神経回路:動きを読みだす情報処理に迫る定量生物学

Dissecting neural circuits for motion estimation in Drosophila
abstract:
Selected refs: Fitzgerald and Clark. eLife (2015); Clark et al. Nat. Neurosci. (2014); Clark et al. Neuron (2011);

Yuki Tsukada ( Nagoya University, Japan )

定量と再構築から理解する感覚神経細胞の環境認識

Quantification and reconstruction of thermosensory neuronal processing in C. elegans
abstract:
Selected refs:

David Umulis ( Purdue University, USA )

勾配情報が作り出す発生メカニズム

Quantification and modeling of BMP signaling during zebrafish embryo development

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) act in developmental pattern formation as a paradigm of extracellular information that is passed from an extracellular morphogen to cells that process the information and differentiate into distinct cell types based on the morphogen level. In addition to their role in development, BMPs play an important role in tissue homeostasis and mutations in the BMP family are associated with a number of human cancers. Numerous extracellular modulators and feedback regulators establish and control the BMP signaling distribution along the dorsal-ventral (DV) embryonic axis in vertebrates to induce space and time-dependent patterns of gene expression. To identify how the dynamic pattern is regulated during development, we have developed a seamless data-to-model integration and optimization strategy. First, the nuclear intensities of fluorescent stained Phosphorylated-Smad5 (P-Smad) are acquired for each nuclei in each embryo from staged populations to provide a quantitative time-course for the BMP signaling gradient. Next, the nuclei are segmented to yield quantitative point-clouds of P-Smad level at each nuclei. The individual point clouds are registered to similarly staged embryos using a process called Coherent Point Drift (CPD) and the registered populations provide rigorous quantification and comparison of phenotype. To delineate the mechanism of BMP signal inhibition by the secreted binding proteins Chordin (Chd), Noggin (Nog), and Follistatin (Flst), a mathematical model was developed and optimized against the population data for wild type and combinations of the Chd mutants with and without morpholino knockdown of Noggin and Follistatin. We found a model that reproduced the experimentally observed reliability of the patterning network for Chd LOF, and for Nog/Flst morpholino knockdown that was also consistent with the dramatic increase in signaling observed in Chd LOF, Nog/Flst knockdown. Models consistent with experimental behavior require that Chordin has a greater range than Noggin, that Noggin is not freely diffusible, and that Noggin rapidly binds available BMP ligands in the organizer region. We are continuing to experimentally test the model predictions and isolate the roles of Noggin and Follistatin to determine the extent of dorsal enrichment under different conditions.

Selected refs: Pargett et al. PLoS Comp. Biol. (2014); Peluso et al. Dev. Cell (2011); Umulis et al. Dev. Cell (2010)

Session: Quantities and Beyond -

Date and Time: Jan. 11th 9:00-11:00

Naoki Irie( the University of Tokto, Japan )

胚発生と進化の法則性として近年支持された砂時計モデル。この法則性を生み出すメカニズムの有力候補がみえてきた。

Double bladed aspect of gene recruitment to morphological evolution.
abstract:
Selected refs: Wang et al. Nat. Genetics (2013); Irie and Kuratani. Nat. Commun. (2011)

Yuichi Wakamoto ( the University of Tokyo, Japan )

1細胞ヒストリーの観点から適応度と遺伝子発現を捉え直す

Fitness and gene expression from the viewpoint of single-cell histories
abstract:
Selected refs: Wakamoto et al. Science (2013); Wakamoto et al. Evolution (2012); Tomita et al. Langmuir (2011)

Tetsuya J Kobayashi( the University of Tokyo, Japan )

「量」をつなぐ:情報から適応度まで

Linking quantities from information to fitness
abstract:
Selected refs: Kobayashi and Sughiyama. PRL (2015); Kobayashi. PRL (2011); Kobayashi. PRL (2010)


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